Digital applications for CTTR

Companies in the Principality who wish to apply for Reinforced Total Temporary Unemployment (CTTR) for their employees can now carry out the procedures online.
The government has made it easier for businesses to complete the CTTR process. They can now apply for authorisation from CCTR and submit their monthly declarations for the supplement payment for partial activity compensation, online.
The CTTR has been instated to allow companies to temporarily reduce or suspend the activity of employees – a measure that will end once the health situation has passed.
For more information, visit the government information site:
https://service-public-entreprises.gouv.mc/Emploi-et-social/Reglementation-du- travail/COVID19/Declarer-la-mise-en-Chomage-Total-Temporaire-Renforce
 

Riviera trials Covid-19 drug

Nice University Hospital (CHU Nice) is taking part in a Europe-wide trial to test the effectiveness of chloroquine in treating Covid-19.
Chloroquine and its cousin hydroxychloroquine have been used since the 1940’s to treat malaria. Then, during the SARS pandemic in the early 2000’s, the drug was found to prevent the spread of the virus in lab cultures that were testing treatment options.
Today, some in the medical community are revisiting these drugs to see if they can impact, limit or lessen the effects of Covid-19.
On Sunday, Mayor of Nice Christian Estrosi – who recently tested positive for the coronavirus and has been taking chloroquine – announced that Nice University Hospital will start using chloroquine in clinical trials as part of a Europe-wide experiment to fight the disease.
Estrosi told BFMTV on Monday 23rd March, “I am on the 6th day (of treatment) and I feel like I have been cured, I am in great shape.”
It is one of four possible treatments CHU Nice is testing as part of the European trials.
The purpose is “to analyse the efficacy and tolerance of therapeutic options for patients in a limited time”, explained the National Institute of Health and Research (INSERM), the body that approved the clinical trials in France.
The French hospitals that have been chosen include not only CHU Nice, but also select facilities in Paris, Lille, Nantes, Strasbourg and Lyon. In the end, roughly 20 hospitals could be part of these studies, with around a quarter of patients being from France.
CHU Nice released a statement specifying that “the patients who will be the subject of this trial will be selected by the investigating doctors (infectiologists, pulmonologists and resuscitators) according to objective clinical and scientific criteria. The consent of the patient or the family will also be required. The purpose of the study is to determine the efficacy and the side effects of the treatments.”
Twenty-four patients in Marseille treated with chloroquine last week are on the mend, according to Dr Didier Raoult, Director of the Bacteriology and virology labs at La Timone Hospital in Marseille. The patients were amongst the first infected in the region and volunteered for the treatment.
“We could see that the patients who had not received Plaquenil (hydroxychloroquine) were still carriers after six days, however when we gave Plaquenil, after six days no more than 25% were carriers,” explained Dr Raoult.
The viral load is even lower in patients treated with the antibiotic azithromycin, according to the specialist.
Chloroquine works to intercept the virus’s ability to replicate in two ways. First, the drug enters endosomes – small compartments – within the cell membrane. Endosomes tend to be on the acidic side, but the drug changes their pH, making the compartments more basic. Many viruses acidify endosomes as a way of entering the cell membrane to release their genetic material and begin the replication process. Chloroquine blocks this critical step.
The drug also prevents certain viruses from plugging into a receptor called angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, or ACE2, according to a 2005 report made when scientists were looking for a cure for SARS. When the virus inserts its spike protein into the ACE2 receptor, it sets off a chemical process that alters the structure of the receptor and allows the virus to infect. Chloroquine in certain doses seems to stop this process. Viral replication is then thwarted, the authors noted.
Chloroquine clinical trials are also being made in the United States and China. Assuming the drugs are effective and well-tolerated in test subjects, supplies will be increased and its usage will be widespread in the treatment against Covid-19.
 
Photo: Pixabay
 

Formula One goes virtual

With the cancellation of the Monaco Grand Prix, as well as four other scheduled races this year, Formula One has launched a new F1 Esports Virtual Grand Prix, featuring current F1 drivers alongside a number of other stars.
The Grand Prix racing calendar, like everything else, has been affected by the Covid-19 epidemic. So, to give fans another way to enjoy Formula One racing, they have developed a series that will replace every missed race with a virtual one.
The first virtual race was held on Sunday with the Bahrain Grand Prix. The slightly hectic inaugural race saw a few technical glitches and was cut short but saw Renault’s F2 rising star Guanyu Zhou land in the top spot. Stoffel Vandoorne came in 11 seconds later to nab second leaving Philipp Eng in third.
Short notice left many Formula One stars unable to compete, though Lando Norris and Nicholas Latifi did make it. The fun wasn’t limited to current pilots, and a host of former drivers and outsiders joined in seeing Nico Hulkenberg, Stoffel Vandoorne, Anthony Davidson and Johnny Herbert all competing, while the more well-known names from outside of the sport included Olympian Sir Chris Hoy and former One Direction star Liam Payne.
The technical troubles meant that the race was cut short creating a 14-lap race rather than the scheduled 28, but the excitement was no less felt.
The participants all raced remotely in compliance with health and safety regulations currently in place, and the broadcast was hosted live from the Gfinity Esports Arena and was viewed on the Formula One’s YouTube, Twitch and Facebook channels, as well as on F1.com.
The series is using the official F1 2019 PC video game, created by gaming company Codemasters and has a set of built-in game-levellers, as the gaming skills of each participant vary wildly. Things such as running equal car performances with fixed setups, reduced vehicle damage, and options such as anti-lock braking and traction control were available for those less confident with their game.
On non-race weekends, Formula One will host live exhibition races online, giving fans a chance to go up against real F1 pilots. Details of these events will be available in the coming weeks.
“We are very pleased to be able to bring some light relief in the form of the F1 Esports Virtual GP, in these unpredictable times, as we hope to entertain fans missing the regular sporting action,” said Julian Tan, head of Digital Business Initiatives and Esports. “With every major sports league in the world unable to compete, it is a great time to highlight the benefits of esports and the incredible skill that’s on show.”
The next race will be held in two weeks at Melbourne’s virtual Albert Park track.
 
 

Large-scale disinfection efforts against Covid-19

The Principality has now embarked on a major sanitization programme, disinfecting sidewalks, train station platforms, public elevators and escalators.
The government has again stepped up measures to protect people in Monaco, this time targeting the most used public spaces.
“It is important that we commit all of our teams and all of our resources to reduce the risk of contamination of Monegasques, residents and employees,” said Marie-Pierre Gramaglia, Minister of Equipment, Environment and Town Planning.
Since 5am Monday 23rd March, the Société Monégasque d’Assainissement (SMA) has been disinfecting sidewalks, station platforms, elevators and escalators with a biodegradable bactericide with the scent of forest pines. There will be around 30 SMA officers in operation seven days a week.
For sidewalk disinfection, regular street cleaning trucks are equipped with three rods distributing the disinfectant.
For the disinfection of elevators and escalators, teams are provided with the necessary equipment to manually disinfect elevator buttons, as well as escalator and elevator handrails.
 
Photo: ©DR
 
 

Sunda Pangolin gets a break from extinction

Pangolins have recently received a lot of attention due to the recent pandemic of Covid-19. It is speculated that the new coronavirus incubated in bats and was transmitted to humans through endangered pangolins.
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The current global health crisis is believed to have begun in a wildlife market or wet market in the province of Wuhan, China, the same as the SARS virus. However, the SARS virus was transmitted to humans through another animal called a Civet.
Conservationists in Asia and Africa have been combining efforts to save the dwindling species of Pangolin. Not much is known about Pangolins, but in this interview with scientific research expert Benoit Goossens of Sabah, Borneo, Malaysia, we will get a glimpse of this gentle species and why it is now in the limelight of protection.
Danau Girang Field Center (DGFC) is located on the Island of Borneo, the third largest island in the world. It is situated in an ideal location rich in biodiversity in the rainforest of the lower Kinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary. DGFC is a research and training facility managed by the Sabah Wildlife Department and Cardiff University of the United Kingdom.

Shy and vulnerable

Pangolins are a very elusive and unique mammal. They are a gentle and shy species and when threatened they simply roll into a ball protecting themselves with their full armour of scales. Unfortunately for them this does not protect them from humans and actually makes them quite easy to be scooped up by poachers. Young pangolins will stay with their mothers for several months riding on their backs while learning survival skills. As an adult they live solitary lives and have a life expectancy of up to 20 years, however the exact age is unknown in the wild. They are often called a scaly ant eater as their diet consists of ants and termites. They also play an important part of our ecosystem by keeping the ant and termite population balanced.

Katerina Pirelli-Zucchetta and Dr. Benoit Goossens

Katerina: Tell me about yourself and how you arrived at DGFC in Sabah, Borneo?
Dr. Benoit Goossens: I’m a Belgian citizen who left when I was 18 years old. I studied in France (Grenoble), and got a PhD in Ecology in 1998 from University Joseph Fourier in Grenoble. Then I moved to London where I started a post-doc at the Institute of Zoology of the Zoological Society of London, working on mating systems and conservation genetics of the Sumatran orangutan. After a year I moved to Cardiff University. I started working in Sabah in 2000, running a project on the conservation genetics of the Bornean orangutan in the Kinabatangan from 2000 to 2003, then after a couple of years spent in Gabon and in France, I moved back to Sabah to work on the conservation genetics of the Bornean elephant, from 2005 to 2008. This is when I started setting up DGFC (2007). I opened the doors of DGFC in July 2008. I got married to a Mexican woman and my son, eight-years-old, was born here in Sabah.
After spending some time in Sabah, I can certainly understand how your passion grew for this amazing island with its vast diversity of life.  It’s truly a never-ending paradise of discovery for a research facility. 
The Pangolin has grabbed news headlines lately due to its connection to the recent coronavirus, Covid-19. What can you tell us about this and do you think it will have a significant effect on the future of the eight pangolin species?
I don’t know how accurate those results coming from China are, but if this is true, it might have an effect on wildlife trade in general and on pangolin trade in particular. Right now, there is a temporary ban on wildlife animal trade, but for how long? Even if the trafficking can be decreased during this pandemic, as soon as it is sorted it is very likely that China will lift the ban on wildlife markets and business as usual will restart, as it did in 2003 after the SARS outbreak.  The ban was lifted just six months after it started.
© Danau Girang Field Center/DGFC

The Pangolin is the most trafficked mammal on the planet, other than humans, accounting for 20% of all illegal wildlife trade. Why is there such a large market for these animals?   
Yes, all eight species of pangolins (four in Africa, four in Asia) are the most trafficked animals on the world. Their scales are used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and their meat is consumed in restaurants. Most of the trafficked pangolins are destined to China.
Of the eight pangolin species, six are either endangered or critically endangered while two are considered vulnerable to extinction. As the director of DGFC, what is your primary focus with regards to conservation and the now endangered Sunda pangolins found in Borneo?
My primary focus is to train the future generation of Malaysian conservationists. One was Nurzhafarina Othman who did her PhD with me on the Bornean elephant and she is now running her own NGO, Seratu Aatai, focusing on human-elephant conflicts. Another PhD student, Elisa Panjang, is passionate about pangolins and she is currently doing her PhD with me on the species. She will become the Ambassador for Sunda pangolin in Sabah. I’m also involved in policy work and, together with Elisa, I was instrumental in getting the Sunda pangolin upgraded to Schedule 1 of Totally Protected Species under the Sabah Wildlife Enactment 1997.
What has the Sabah Wildlife department and DGFC been doing to protect the pangolins in the last 10 years?
DGFC is doing a lot of capacity building and is responsible for the training of Elisa Panjang to become the expert on Sunda pangolin. SWD has upgraded the Sunda pangolin to Schedule 1 of Totally Protected Species under the Sabah Wildlife Enactment 1997. DGFC is supporting the Sabah Forestry Department in increasing the size of their enforcement unit, PROTECT. DGFC is also supporting the Sabah Wildlife Department with the setting up of an intelligence and forensic unit, and for that we have secured funding from the US government.
© Danau Girang Field Center/DGFC

When was the largest amount of illegally seized pangolins?
I believe that the biggest seizure of pangolin parts in Sabah was in February 2019, with 29.8 tons of pangolins. The haul included about 1,800 boxes full of frozen pangolins stuffed inside three refrigerated containers, 572 more frozen pangolins in six freezers, 61 live pangolins in cages and in a car boot and 361kg of pangolin scales.
How dangerous is the wildlife trade in Borneo?
Wildlife trade can drive species to extinction, especially if it is combined with habitat loss and fragmentation. It is also usually linked to other crimes such as drug trafficking and human trafficking.
How many Sunda pangolins are left alive in Borneo?
We have no idea about the population size of the Sunda pangolin in Sabah, and even less in Borneo. The species is extremely elusive and the only way to estimate population size would be to carry out a state-wide camera trap survey that would be extremely costly. What we do know is that the detection rate is very slow and that they can be found almost everywhere (including close to human settlements).
What can we do to help the species?
Increase awareness on the plight of the species. Report any trafficking, selling, consumption of pangolins to the wildlife authorities.
 

Awareness at an all-time high

Never in history has there been a pandemic involving this many lives. It is evident that illegal activity occurs in wildlife trafficking which trickles down to wildlife markets – a breeding ground for disease – as well as social media platforms. Considering this developing news, it’s time we stand up and rethink our values of life and what positive changes we can make for the future of our planet. Whether your concerns are with human life, animal life, ethical or ecological reasons, or preservation of our planet, now is the time to support change for the ethical treatment of human and animal life. Let this crisis lead us to creative innovations and positive changes.
 
Contact :  goossensbr@cardiff.ac.uk
For donations : www.justgiving.com
For more information : www.dgfc.life
 
 
Top photo: © Scuba Zoo
 
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Taxis offer support during crisis

Monaco’s taxis are offering free transport to people receiving government assistance and in need of medical treatment.

Monaco taxis are uniting during this lockdown period to help the most vulnerable in the community, such as the elderly, get to and from necessary doctor appointments without requiring them to pay.

Of course, the official government line is that those who are most at risk should stay indoors and have supplies and services come to them, but the Monaco taxi association understands this is not always practical. After a period of discussion with the Town Hall, the taxi drivers were given the green light to undertake their initiative.

Roughly 15 of the 95 taxis in the Principality are currently operational. Though the rest are in confinement, they are still willing to help if it is required of them. Most taxis will be equipped with “health kits” to ensure the virus does not spread between passengers. If the taxi has not yet received their kit, the mandatory health rules will be strictly enforced with disinfectant wipe downs after each fare.