France launched its largest military exercise since the Cold War on Sunday, with Orion 26 bringing together 12,000 troops across a three-month operation designed to prepare forces for high-intensity conflict in Europe.
The French Air and Space Force began the dynamic phase of the exercise on 10th February, conducting air operations from seven air bases including Mont-de-Marsan, Cazaux, Orléans, Cognac, Avord, Istres and Tours. The manoeuvres will run until 1st March along France’s Atlantic coast.
High-intensity conflict preparation
The Ministry of Armed Forces describes Orion 26 as preparing forces “for the most complex situations in hybrid and contested environments”, stating the exercise holds particular importance “in a context where engagement in a high-intensity conflict could become a reality”.
The drill involves 1,800 tactical vehicles, 30 helicopters and approximately 800 drones, reflecting the significant role unmanned systems play in modern warfare. Air manoeuvres will test the military’s ability to achieve air superiority and protect French territory from external threats.
Three-phase operation
The exercise will progress through distinct phases. Following the initial air operations, the French Navy will conduct amphibious operations around Saint-Nazaire and Brittany on 20th and 21st February, deploying approximately 700 troops and 100 vehicles near Quiberon in Morbihan.
In April, the operation will transition to NATO command to test European forces’ ability to work together. The Army will then conduct large-scale airborne operations and deep deployment into contested zones.
Fictional scenario mirrors European tensions
Orion 26 uses a scenario involving two fictional countries, Mercure and Arnland, which mirrors current tensions in Europe. The exercise simulates France leading a coalition to defend Arnland against an expansionist Mercure that has conducted hybrid operations to prevent its neighbour joining the European Union.
The drill takes place as Russia’s invasion of Ukraine continues into its fourth year and hybrid warfare operations increase across Europe. NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte recently warned that Russia could target the alliance within five years.
Allied participation
Twenty-four allied nations will participate in Orion 26, including the United States, Japan, Switzerland and Morocco. The exercise will also train French reservists from all military branches and test cybersecurity capabilities through virtual network and space-based exercises.
The Ministry of Armed Forces stated the operation “responds to the necessity to intensify and harden the level of preparation of French armed forces” and tests “modern know-how and tactical and technological innovation against the realities of high-intensity combat”.
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Photo source: French Defence Department